Policy - REMIND-MAgPIE

Model Documentation - REMIND-MAgPIE
Model scope and methods - REMIND-MAgPIE XML-test Model concept, solver and details Model concept, solver and details - REMIND-MAgPIE Temporal dimension - REMIND-MAgPIE Spatial dimension - REMIND-MAgPIE Policy - REMIND-MAgPIE Socio-economic drivers - REMIND-MAgPIE Population - REMIND-MAgPIE Economic activity - REMIND-MAgPIE Macro-economy - REMIND-MAgPIE Production system and representation of economic sectors - REMIND-MAgPIE Trade - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy resource endowments - REMIND-MAgPIE Fossil energy resources - REMIND-MAgPIE Uranium and other fissile resources - REMIND-MAgPIE Bioenergy - REMIND-MAgPIE Non-biomass renewables - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy conversion - REMIND-MAgPIE Electricity - REMIND-MAgPIE Heat - REMIND-MAgPIE Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy end-use - REMIND-MAgPIE Transport - REMIND-MAgPIE Residential and commercial sectors - REMIND-MAgPIE Industrial sector - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy demand - REMIND-MAgPIE Technological change in energy - REMIND-MAgPIE Land-use - REMIND-MAgPIE Agriculture - REMIND-MAgPIE Forestry - REMIND-MAgPIE Emissions - REMIND-MAgPIE GHGs - REMIND-MAgPIE Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents - REMIND-MAgPIE Climate - REMIND-MAgPIE Non-climate sustainability dimension - REMIND-MAgPIE Appendices - REMIND-MAgPIE Mathematical model description - REMIND-MAgPIE References - REMIND-MAgPIE
Corresponding documentation
AIM-Hub BLUES C3IAM DNE21+ GCAM GEM-E3 GRACE IFs IMACLIM IMAGE MESSAGE-GLOBIOM POLES PROMETHEUS REMIND-MAgPIE TIAM-UCL WITCH
Previous versions
Archive of REMIND-MAgPIE version 1.7
Model information
Model link	https://www.pik-potsdam.de/research/sustainable-solutions/models/remind https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/remind/2.1.3 https://github.com/remindmodel/remind/releases/tag/v2.1.3 https://github.com/magpiemodel/magpie/releases/tag/v4.2.1 https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/magpie/4.2.1/
Institution	Potsdam Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK), Germany, https://www.pik-potsdam.de.
Solution concept	General equilibrium (closed economy)MAgPIE: partial equilibrium model of the agricultural sector;
Solution method	OptimizationMAgPIE: cost minimization;
Anticipation

In the climate policy mode, REMIND imposes an additional climate policy constraint on the welfare maximization. Examples include limits on temperature, forcing (from Kyoto gases or all radiative substances), CO₂ concentration, cumulative carbon budget, and CO₂ emissions over time. REMIND calculates the corresponding mitigation costs as a reduction of consumption or GDP with respect to the baseline case.

We can also study the impact of a pre-specified carbon tax pathway. For such scenarios, REMIND implements the tax as a penalty on emissions. Since it assumes full recycling of tax-revenues, the solution algorithm for such scenarios is less straightforward. It counterbalances the tax expenditure as part of each region?s budget constraint by a fixed amount of tax revenue that is recycled in a lump-sum manner. It then runs iteratively with adjusted tax revenues until it matches the level of tax payments.

REMIND also accounts for subsidies and taxes in the energy sector and implements them as a price mark-up on a region?s final demand of solids, heating oil, diesel, and petrol used in transport, as well as gas and electricity used in the stationary sector. The global total amounts to approximately 450 billion USD per year. The development of fossil fuel subsidies and taxes over REMIND?s time horizon is prescribed by scenario assumptions. In the default case, subsidies phase out by 2050. Historical data are based on the IEA subsidies database and the International Energy Database, ENERDATA (Schwanitz et al. 2014).