Non-biomass renewables - C3IAM: Difference between revisions
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C<sup>3</sup>IAM uses an additional production input called the ‘fixed factor’ to describes the representative capacity building constraint of energy technologies. The fixed factor is used to represent the specialized resources that are required for capacity building such as knowledgeable engineering, specialized manufacturing and services. The price of the fixed factor will therefore affect the rate at which this technology enters the market. If the demand for the technology is high, the fixed factor price representing the limited resources will also be high, thereby limiting the initial rate of expansion of production from new energy technologies and taking into consideration the adjustment costs <ref name=":0">Eleanor Charlotte Ereira, 2010. Assessing early investments in low carbon technologies under uncertainty: the case of Carbon Capture and Storage. ''Massachusetts Institute of Technology''.</ref>. | C<sup>3</sup>IAM uses an additional production input called the ‘fixed factor’ to describes the representative capacity building constraint of energy technologies. The fixed factor is used to represent the specialized resources that are required for capacity building such as knowledgeable engineering, specialized manufacturing and services. The price of the fixed factor will therefore affect the rate at which this technology enters the market. If the demand for the technology is high, the fixed factor price representing the limited resources will also be high, thereby limiting the initial rate of expansion of production from new energy technologies and taking into consideration the adjustment costs <ref name=":0">Eleanor Charlotte Ereira, 2010. Assessing early investments in low carbon technologies under uncertainty: the case of Carbon Capture and Storage. ''Massachusetts Institute of Technology''.</ref>. | ||
The fixed factor also represents innovation in the form of learning-by-doing, which shows that the constraint is less binding as production and experience is gained. The representative agent is endowed with a very small amount of the particular fixed factor resource for each technology in the base year<ref name=":1">Henry D Jacoby, John M Reilly, James R McFarland, Sergey Paltsev, 2006. Technology and technical change in the MIT EPPA model. ''Energy Economics'' 28, 610-631.</ref>, and<math>FF_t</math>for the base year is 0.00001 in the model. The amount of fixed factor then is increased as a function of cumulative production of that technology, representing cost reduction as we learn and gain experience. The equation for endowment | The fixed factor also represents innovation in the form of learning-by-doing, which shows that the constraint is less binding as production and experience is gained. The representative agent is endowed with a very small amount of the particular fixed factor resource for each technology in the base year<ref name=":1">Henry D Jacoby, John M Reilly, James R McFarland, Sergey Paltsev, 2006. Technology and technical change in the MIT EPPA model. ''Energy Economics'' 28, 610-631.</ref>, and<math>FF_t</math>for the base year is 0.00001 in the model. The amount of fixed factor then is increased as a function of cumulative production of that technology, representing cost reduction as we learn and gain experience. The equation for endowment is based on the forms in McFarland et al. (2004)<ref name=":2">J.R. McFarland, J.M. Reilly, H.J. Herzog, 2004. Representing energy technologies in top-down economic models using bottom-up information. ''Energy Economics''. 26, 685–707.</ref>, Jacoby et al. (2005) <ref name=":1" /> and Ereira et al. (2010) <ref name=":0" />: | ||
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<math>FF_{t+1}=FF_t+ | <math>FF_{t+1}=FF_t+({\alpha}{Y_t}^\gamma+\lambda{Y_t}^\zeta)</math> | ||
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Where <math>Y_t</math>is the electricity output for a given technology in period t. | Where <math>Y_t</math>is the electricity output for a given technology in period t. <math>\alpha{Y_t}^\gamma</math>is approximately linear with <math>\gamma=0.8\sim0.9</math>and <math>\alpha=0.01</math>. This term governs the growth of the fixed factor at low levels of output <math>{Y_t}^\gamma</math>as<math>\alpha>>\lambda</math>. The term <math>\lambda{Y_t}^\zeta</math>accelerates fixed factor growth at high levels of output as <math>\lambda=0.00001</math>and<math>\zeta=2.0\sim2.2</math><ref name=":2" />. | ||
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=== References === | === References === | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Latest revision as of 09:25, 10 August 2021
| Corresponding documentation | |
|---|---|
| Previous versions | |
| Model information | |
| Model link | |
| Institution | Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology (CEEP-BIT), China, http://ceep.bit.edu.cn/english/. |
| Solution concept | General equilibrium (closed economy) |
| Solution method | Optimization |
| Anticipation | |
C3IAM uses an additional production input called the ‘fixed factor’ to describes the representative capacity building constraint of energy technologies. The fixed factor is used to represent the specialized resources that are required for capacity building such as knowledgeable engineering, specialized manufacturing and services. The price of the fixed factor will therefore affect the rate at which this technology enters the market. If the demand for the technology is high, the fixed factor price representing the limited resources will also be high, thereby limiting the initial rate of expansion of production from new energy technologies and taking into consideration the adjustment costs [1].
The fixed factor also represents innovation in the form of learning-by-doing, which shows that the constraint is less binding as production and experience is gained. The representative agent is endowed with a very small amount of the particular fixed factor resource for each technology in the base year[2], andfor the base year is 0.00001 in the model. The amount of fixed factor then is increased as a function of cumulative production of that technology, representing cost reduction as we learn and gain experience. The equation for endowment is based on the forms in McFarland et al. (2004)[3], Jacoby et al. (2005) [2] and Ereira et al. (2010) [1]:
Where is the electricity output for a given technology in period t. is approximately linear with and . This term governs the growth of the fixed factor at low levels of output as. The term accelerates fixed factor growth at high levels of output as and[3].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Eleanor Charlotte Ereira, 2010. Assessing early investments in low carbon technologies under uncertainty: the case of Carbon Capture and Storage. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Henry D Jacoby, John M Reilly, James R McFarland, Sergey Paltsev, 2006. Technology and technical change in the MIT EPPA model. Energy Economics 28, 610-631.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 J.R. McFarland, J.M. Reilly, H.J. Herzog, 2004. Representing energy technologies in top-down economic models using bottom-up information. Energy Economics. 26, 685–707.