IMACLIM-NLU: Difference between revisions
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{{ModelTemplate}} | {{ModelTemplate}} | ||
{{ModelInfoTemplate | {{ModelInfoTemplate | ||
|Name=IMACLIM-NLU | |Name=IMACLIM-NLU I.0 | ||
|participation= | |participation=full | ||
|processState=published | |processState=published | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ScopeMethodTemplate}} | {{ScopeMethodTemplate | ||
{{Socio-economicTemplate}} | |ModelTypeOption=CGE | ||
{{Macro-economyTemplate}} | |GeographicalScopeOption=Global | ||
{{EnergyTemplate}} | |Objective=Imaclim-NLU is intended to study the interactions between energy systems and the economy, to assess the feasibility of low carbon development strategies and the transition pathway towards low carbon future. | ||
{{Land-useTemplate}} | |SolutionConceptOption=General equilibrium (closed economy) | ||
{{EmissionClimateTemplate}} | |SolutionHorizonOption=Recursive dynamic (myopic) | ||
|SolutionMethodOption=Simulation | |||
|SolutionMethod=Imaclim-NLU is implemented in Scilab, and uses the fonction fsolve from a shared C++ library to solve the static equilibrium system of non-linear equations. | |||
|Anticipation=Recursive dynamics: each year the equilibrium is solved (system of non-linear equations), in between two years parameters to the equilibrium evolve according to specified functions. | |||
|BaseYear=2001 | |||
|TimeSteps=Annual | |||
|Horizon=2050 or 2100 | |||
|Nr=12 | |||
|Region=USA; Canada; Europe; China; India; Brazil; Middle East; Africa; Commonwealth of Independant States; OECD Pacific; Rest of Asia; Rest of Latin Amercia; | |||
|PoliciesOption=Emission tax; Emission pricing; Cap and trade; Fuel taxes; Fuel subsidies | |||
|Concept=Hybrid: general equilibrium with technology explicit modules. Recursive dynamics: each year the equilibrium is solved (system of non-linear equations), in between two years parameters to the equilibrium evolve according to specified functions. | |||
|PolicyImplementation=Baseline do not include explicit climate policies. | |||
Climate/energy policies can be implemented in a number of ways, depending on the policy. | |||
A number of general or specific policy choices can be modelled including: | |||
Emissions or energy taxes, permit trading, specific technology subsidies, regulations, technology and/or resource constraints | |||
}} | |||
{{Socio-economicTemplate | |||
|PopulationOption=Yes (exogenous) | |||
|GDPOption=Yes (endogenous) | |||
|EmploymentRateOption=Yes (endogenous) | |||
|AutonomousEnergyEfficiencyImprovementsOption=Yes (exogenous) | |||
|ExogenousDriverOption=Labour Productivity; Energy Technical progress | |||
|ExogenousDriver=Population; Active Population; | |||
|ExogenousDriverText=Our model growth engine is composed of exogenous trends of active population growth and exogenous trends of labour productivity growth. The two sets of assumptions on demography and labour productivity, although exogenous, only prescribe natural growth. Effective growth results endogenously from the interaction of these driving forces with short-term constraints: (i) available capital flows for investments and (ii) rigidities, such as fixed technologies, immobility of the installed capital across sectors or rigidities in real wages, which may lead to partial utilization of production factors (labor and capital). | |||
|DevelopmentOption=GDP per capita | |||
}} | |||
{{Macro-economyTemplate | |||
|TradeOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Electricity; Bioenergy crops; Capital; Emissions permits; Non-energy goods | |||
|Trade=Refined Liquid Fuels; | |||
|CostMeasureOption=GDP loss; Welfare loss; Consumption loss | |||
|CostMeasure=Equivalent Variation | |||
|InstitutionalAndPoliticalFactorsOption=Technology costs differentiated by country/region; Technological change differentiated by country/region; Behavioural change differentiated by country/region; Constraints on cross country financial transfers | |||
|CoalRUOption=Yes (supply curve) | |||
|ConventionalOilRUOption=Yes (process model) | |||
|UnconventionalOilRUOption=Yes (process model) | |||
|ConventionalGasRUOption=Yes (supply curve) | |||
|Unconventional GasRUOption=Yes (supply curve) | |||
|BioenergyRUOption=Yes (supply curve) | |||
|IndustryESOption=Yes (economic) | |||
|EnergyESOption=Yes (physical & economic) | |||
|TransportationESOption=Yes (economic) | |||
|ResidentialAndCommercialESOption=Yes (economic) | |||
|AgricultureESOption=Yes (economic) | |||
|EconomicSector=Construction | |||
|EconomicSectorText=The energy sector is divided into five sub-sectors: oil extraction, gas extraction, coal extraction, refinery, power generation. The transport sector is divided into three sub-sectors: terrestrial transport, air transport, water transport. The industry sector has one sub-sector: Energy intensive industry. | |||
|EnergyConversionTechnologyTCOption=Endogenous technological change | |||
|EnergyEnd-useTCOption=Endogenous technological change | |||
|EconomicSectorOption=Agriculture; Industry; Energy; Transport; Services | |||
}} | |||
{{EnergyTemplate | |||
|Behaviour=Price response (via elasticities), and non-price drivers (infrastructure and urban forms conditioning location choices, different asymptotes on industrial goods consumption saturation levels with income rise, speed of personal vehicle ownership rate increase, speed of residential area increase). | |||
|EnergyTechnologyChoiceOption=Logit choice model | |||
|EnergyTechnologySubstitutability=Discrete technology choices with mostly high substitutability in some sectors and mostly low substitutability in other sectors | |||
|EnergyTechnologyDeploymentOption=Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints | |||
|ElectricityTechnologyOption=Coal w/o CCS; Coal w/ CCS; Gas w/o CCS; Gas w/ CCS; Oil w/o CCS; Oil w/ CCS; Bioenergy w/o CCS; Bioenergy w/ CCS; Nuclear power; Solar power; Solar power-central PV; Solar power-distributed PV; Solar power-CSP; Wind power; Wind power-onshore; Wind power-offshore; Hydroelectric power | |||
|RefinedLiquidsOption=Coal to liquids w/o CCS; Coal to liquids w/ CCS; Bioliquids w/o CCS; Oil refining | |||
|HeatGenerationOption=CHP (coupled heat and power) | |||
|ElectricityGIOption=Yes (aggregate) | |||
|PassengerTransportationOption=Passenger trains; Buses; Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs); Electric LDVs; Hybrid LDVs; Gasoline LDVs; Diesel LDVs; Passenger aircrafts | |||
|ResourceUseOption=Coal; Oil; Gas; Biomass | |||
|ConversionTechnologyOption=Fuel to liquid | |||
|GridInfrastructureOption=Electricity | |||
|TechnologySubstitutionOption=Discrete technology choices; Expansion and decline constraints; System integration constraints | |||
|EnergyServiceSectorOption=Transportation; Industry; Residential and commercial | |||
|EnergyServiceSector=Agriculture; | |||
}} | |||
{{Land-useTemplate | |||
|Land-use=Cropland; Forest; Extensive Pastures; Intensive Pastures; Inacessible Pastures; Urban Areas; Unproductive Land; | |||
|Land-useText=Bioenergy production is determined by the fuel and electricity modules of Imaclim-NLU using supply curves from Hoogwijk et al. (2009) (bioelectricity) and IEA (biofuel). Bioenergy production is then exogenously incorporated into the land-use module. The demand for biofuel is aggregated to the demand for food crops, while the production of biomass for electricity is located on marginal lands (i.e., less fertile or accessible lands). By increasing the demand for land, and spurring agricultural intensification, Bioenergy propels land and food prices. | |||
}} | |||
{{EmissionClimateTemplate | |||
|GHGOption=CO2 fossil fuels | |||
|GHGText=The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor. | |||
|CarbonDioxideRemovalOption=Bioenergy with CCS | |||
|Co-LinkagesOption=Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region); Energy access: Household energy consumption; Air pollution & health: Source-based aerosol emissions | |||
}} | |||
{{InstitutionTemplate | |||
|abbr=CIRED | |||
|institution=Centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement | |||
|link=http://www.centre-cired.fr | |||
|country=France | |||
}} | |||
{{InstitutionTemplate | {{InstitutionTemplate | ||
|abbr= | |abbr=SMASH | ||
|institution=Societe de Mathematiques Appliquees et de Sciences Humaines | |||
|link=http://www.smash.fr | |||
|country=France | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 10:02, 7 July 2020
The reference card is a clearly defined description of model features. The numerous options have been organized into a limited amount of default and model specific (non default) options. In addition some features are described by a short clarifying text.
Legend:
- not implemented
- implemented
- implemented (not default option)
A page refresh may be needed after modifying data.
About
Name and version
IMACLIM-NLU 1.0
Model link
Institution
Centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), France, http://www.centre-cired.fr., Societe de Mathematiques Appliquees et de Sciences Humaines (SMASH), France, http://www.smash.fr.
Documentation
IMACLIM-NLU documentation is limited and consists of a reference card
Process state
published
Model scope and methods
Model type
- Integrated assessment model
- Energy system model
- CGE
- CBA-integrated assessment model
Geographical scope
- Global
- Regional
Objective
Imaclim-NLU is intended to study the interactions between energy systems and the economy, to assess the feasibility of low carbon development strategies and the transition pathway towards low carbon future.
Solution concept
- Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
- Partial equilibrium (fixed demand)
- General equilibrium (closed economy)
Solution horizon
- Recursive dynamic (myopic)
- Intertemporal optimization (foresight)
Solution method
- Simulation
- Optimization
- Imaclim-NLU is implemented in Scilab, and uses the fonction fsolve from a shared C++ library to solve the static equilibrium system of non-linear equations.
Anticipation
Recursive dynamics: each year the equilibrium is solved (system of non-linear equations), in between two years parameters to the equilibrium evolve according to specified functions.
Temporal dimension
Base year:2001, time steps:Annual, horizon: 2050 or 2100
Spatial dimension
Number of regions:12
- USA
- Canada
- Europe
- China
- India
- Brazil
- Middle East
- Africa
- Commonwealth of Independant States
- OECD Pacific
- Rest of Asia
- Rest of Latin Amercia
Time discounting type
- Discount rate exogenous
- Discount rate endogenous
Policies
- Emission tax
- Emission pricing
- Cap and trade
- Fuel taxes
- Fuel subsidies
- Feed-in-tariff
- Portfolio standard
- Capacity targets
- Emission standards
- Energy efficiency standards
- Agricultural producer subsidies
- Agricultural consumer subsidies
- Land protection
- Pricing carbon stocks
Socio-economic drivers
Population
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Population age structure
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Education level
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Urbanization rate
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
GDP
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Income distribution
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Employment rate
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Labor productivity
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Total factor productivity
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Autonomous energy efficiency improvements
- Yes (exogenous)
- Yes (endogenous)
Macro-economy
Economic sector
Industry
- Yes (physical)
- Yes (economic)
- Yes (physical & economic)
Energy
- Yes (physical)
- Yes (economic)
- Yes (physical & economic)
Transportation
- Yes (physical)
- Yes (economic)
- Yes (physical & economic)
Residential and commercial
- Yes (physical)
- Yes (economic)
- Yes (physical & economic)
Agriculture
- Yes (physical)
- Yes (economic)
- Yes (physical & economic)
Forestry
- Yes (physical)
- Yes (economic)
- Yes (physical & economic)
Other economic sector
- Construction
Macro-economy
Trade
- Coal
- Oil
- Gas
- Uranium
- Electricity
- Bioenergy crops
- Food crops
- Capital
- Emissions permits
- Non-energy goods
- Refined Liquid Fuels
Cost measures
- GDP loss
- Welfare loss
- Consumption loss
- Area under MAC
- Energy system cost mark-up
- Equivalent Variation
Categorization by group
- Income
- Urban - rural
- Technology adoption
- Age
- Gender
- Education level
- Household size
Institutional and political factors
- Early retirement of capital allowed
- Interest rates differentiated by country/region
- Regional risk factors included
- Technology costs differentiated by country/region
- Technological change differentiated by country/region
- Behavioural change differentiated by country/region
- Constraints on cross country financial transfers
Resource use
Coal
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Conventional Oil
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Unconventional Oil
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Conventional Gas
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Unconventional Gas
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Uranium
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Bioenergy
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Water
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Raw Materials
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Land
- Yes (fixed)
- Yes (supply curve)
- Yes (process model)
Technological change
Energy conversion technologies
- No technological change
- Exogenous technological change
- Endogenous technological change
Energy End-use
- No technological change
- Exogenous technological change
- Endogenous technological change
Material Use
- No technological change
- Exogenous technological change
- Endogenous technological change
Agriculture (tc)
- No technological change
- Exogenous technological change
- Endogenous technological change
Energy
Behaviour
Price response (via elasticities), and non-price drivers (infrastructure and urban forms conditioning location choices, different asymptotes on industrial goods consumption saturation levels with income rise, speed of personal vehicle ownership rate increase, speed of residential area increase).
Energy technology substitution
Energy technology choice
- No discrete technology choices
- Logit choice model
- Production function
- Linear choice (lowest cost)
- Lowest cost with adjustment penalties
Energy technology substitutability
- Mostly high substitutability
- Mostly low substitutability
- Mixed high and low substitutability
- Discrete technology choices with mostly high substitutability in some sectors and mostly low substitutability in other sectors
Energy technology deployment
- Expansion and decline constraints
- System integration constraints
Energy
Electricity technologies
- Coal w/o CCS
- Coal w/ CCS
- Gas w/o CCS
- Gas w/ CCS
- Oil w/o CCS
- Oil w/ CCS
- Bioenergy w/o CCS
- Bioenergy w/ CCS
- Geothermal power
- Nuclear power
- Solar power
- Solar power-central PV
- Solar power-distributed PV
- Solar power-CSP
- Wind power
- Wind power-onshore
- Wind power-offshore
- Hydroelectric power
- Ocean power
Hydrogen production
- Coal to hydrogen w/o CCS
- Coal to hydrogen w/ CCS
- Natural gas to hydrogen w/o CCS
- Natural gas to hydrogen w/ CCS
- Oil to hydrogen w/o CCS
- Oil to hydrogen w/ CCS
- Biomass to hydrogen w/o CCS
- Biomass to hydrogen w/ CCS
- Nuclear thermochemical hydrogen
- Solar thermochemical hydrogen
- Electrolysis
Refined liquids
- Coal to liquids w/o CCS
- Coal to liquids w/ CCS
- Gas to liquids w/o CCS
- Gas to liquids w/ CCS
- Bioliquids w/o CCS
- Bioliquids w/ CCS
- Oil refining
Refined gases
- Coal to gas w/o CCS
- Coal to gas w/ CCS
- Oil to gas w/o CCS
- Oil to gas w/ CCS
- Biomass to gas w/o CCS
- Biomass to gas w/ CCS
Heat generation
- Coal heat
- Natural gas heat
- Oil heat
- Biomass heat
- Geothermal heat
- Solarthermal heat
- CHP (coupled heat and power)
Grid Infra Structure
Electricity
- Yes (aggregate)
- Yes (spatially explicit)
Gas
- Yes (aggregate)
- Yes (spatially explicit)
Heat
- Yes (aggregate)
- Yes (spatially explicit)
CO2
- Yes (aggregate)
- Yes (spatially explicit)
Hydrogen
- Yes (aggregate)
- Yes (spatially explicit)
Energy end-use technologies
Passenger transportation
- Passenger trains
- Buses
- Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs)
- Electric LDVs
- Hydrogen LDVs
- Hybrid LDVs
- Gasoline LDVs
- Diesel LDVs
- Passenger aircrafts
Freight transportation
- Freight trains
- Heavy duty vehicles
- Freight aircrafts
- Freight ships
Industry
- Steel production
- Aluminium production
- Cement production
- Petrochemical production
- Paper production
- Plastics production
- Pulp production
Residential and commercial
- Space heating
- Space cooling
- Cooking
- Refrigeration
- Washing
- Lighting
Land-use
Land cover
- Cropland
- Cropland irrigated
- Cropland food crops
- Cropland feed crops
- Cropland energy crops
- Forest
- Managed forest
- Natural forest
- Pasture
- Shrubland
- Built-up area
Agriculture and forestry demands
- Agriculture food
- Agriculture food crops
- Agriculture food livestock
- Agriculture feed
- Agriculture feed crops
- Agriculture feed livestock
- Agriculture non-food
- Agriculture non-food crops
- Agriculture non-food livestock
- Agriculture bioenergy
- Agriculture residues
- Forest industrial roundwood
- Forest fuelwood
- Forest residues
Agricultural commodities
- Wheat
- Rice
- Other coarse grains
- Oilseeds
- Sugar crops
- Ruminant meat
- Non-ruminant meat and eggs
- Dairy products
Emission, climate and impacts
Greenhouse gases
- CO2 fossil fuels
- CO2 cement
- CO2 land use
- CH4 energy
- CH4 land use
- CH4 other
- N2O energy
- N2O land use
- N2O other
- CFCs
- HFCs
- SF6
- PFCs
Note: The non-CO2 forcing agents that are not explicitly tracked are represented in the climate module by an exogenously given additional forcing factor.
Pollutants
- CO energy
- CO land use
- CO other
- NOx energy
- NOx land use
- NOx other
- VOC energy
- VOC land use
- VOC other
- SO2 energy
- SO2 land use
- SO2 other
- BC energy
- BC land use
- BC other
- OC energy
- OC land use
- OC other
- NH3 energy
- NH3 land use
- NH3 other
Climate indicators
- Concentration: CO2
- Concentration: CH4
- Concentration: N2O
- Concentration: Kyoto gases
- Radiative forcing: CO2
- Radiative forcing: CH4
- Radiative forcing: N2O
- Radiative forcing: F-gases
- Radiative forcing: Kyoto gases
- Radiative forcing: aerosols
- Radiative forcing: land albedo
- Radiative forcing: AN3A
- Radiative forcing: total
- Temperature change
- Sea level rise
- Ocean acidification
Carbon dioxide removal
- Bioenergy with CCS
- Reforestation
- Afforestation
- Soil carbon enhancement
- Direct air capture
- Enhanced weathering
Climate change impacts
- Agriculture
- Energy supply
- Energy demand
- Economic output
- Built capital
- Inequality
Co-Linkages
- Energy security: Fossil fuel imports & exports (region)
- Energy access: Household energy consumption
- Air pollution & health: Source-based aerosol emissions
- Air pollution & health: Health impacts of air Pollution
- Food access
- Water availability
- Biodiversity
Note: The energy sector is divided into five sub-sectors: oil extraction, gas extraction, coal extraction, refinery, power generation. The transport sector is divided into three sub-sectors: terrestrial transport, air transport, water transport. The industry sector has one sub-sector: Energy intensive industry.