Energy resource endowments - WITCH

Model Documentation - WITCH
Model scope and methods - WITCH Model concept, solver and details - WITCH Temporal dimension - WITCH Spatial dimension - WITCH Policy - WITCH Socio-economic drivers - WITCH Population - WITCH Economic activity - WITCH Macro-economy - WITCH Technological change - WITCH Energy - WITCH Energy resource endowments - WITCH Energy conversion - WITCH Electricity - WITCH Heat - WITCH Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - WITCH Energy end-use - WITCH Transport - WITCH Residential and commercial sectors - WITCH Industrial sector - WITCH Other end-use - WITCH Energy demand - WITCH Technological change in energy - WITCH Land-use - WITCH Agriculture - WITCH Forestry - WITCH Land-use change - WITCH Emissions - WITCH GHGs - WITCH Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents - WITCH Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options - WITCH Climate - WITCH Modelling of climate indicators - WITCH Climate damages, temperature changes - WITCH Non-climate sustainability dimension - WITCH Air pollution and health - WITCH Water - WITCH Appendices - WITCH Mathematical model description - WITCH Data - WITCH References - WITCH
Corresponding documentation
AIM-Hub BLUES C3IAM COFFEE-TEA DNE21+ GCAM GEM-E3 GRACE IFs IMACLIM IMAGE MESSAGE-GLOBIOM POLES PROMETHEUS REMIND-MAgPIE TIAM-UCL WITCH
Previous versions
Archive of WITCH version 4.8
Model information
Model link	https://www.witchmodel.org/ https://github.com/witch-team/witchmodel https://doc.witchmodel.org
Institution	European Institute on Economics and the Environment (RFF-CMCC EIEE), Italy, http://www.eiee.org.
Solution concept	General equilibrium (closed economy)
Solution method	Optimization
Anticipation

The price of fossil fuels and exhaustible resources (oil, gas, coal and uranium) is also endogenously determined by the marginal cost of extraction, which in turn depends on current and cumulative extraction, plus a regional mark-up to mimic different regional costs. The prices of fossil fuels and exhaustible resources have been revised upwards, following the sharp increases in the market prices between 2002 and 2005. Base year prices have been calibrated following Enerdata (2008), IEA (2007) and EIA (2008). The 2005 international prices for exhaustible resources are set at:

• 55 US$/bbl for oil, or roughly 8US$/GJ

• 7.14 US$/GJ for natural gas

• 60 US$/ton for coal, equivalent to 2 US$/GJ. In order to match the large difference in price increases shown in the Enerdata database, we adjust the mark-up prices

• Uranium ore price tripled from 2002 to 2005, and we thus update to this new level. The cost of conversion was increased from 5 US$/kg to 11 US$/kg, while enrichment costs stayed roughly constant. We thus slightly increased the cost of conversion and enrichment from 221 to 230 1995 US$/kg.

Country specific mark-ups are set to reproduce regional figures from IEA (2007). Concerning bioenergies, biofuels supply curves are exogenously set. They have been computed from the outcomes of the GLOBIOM model.