Policy - POLES

Model Documentation - POLES
Model scope and methods - POLES Model concept, solver and details - POLES Temporal dimension - POLES Spatial dimension - POLES Policy - POLES Socio-economic drivers - POLES Population - POLES Economic activity - POLES Macro-economy - POLES Production system and representation of economic sectors - POLES Energy - POLES Energy resource endowments - POLES Fossil energy resources - POLES Uranium and other fissile resources - POLES Bioenergy - POLES Non-biomass renewables - POLES Energy conversion - POLES Electricity - POLES Heat - POLES Gaseous fuels - POLES Liquid fuels - POLES Solid fuels - POLES Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - POLES Energy end-use - POLES Transport - POLES Residential and commercial sectors - POLES Industrial sector - POLES Other end-use - POLES Energy demand - POLES Technological change in energy - POLES Land-use - POLES Emissions - POLES Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options - POLES Climate - POLES Non-climate sustainability dimension - POLES Appendices - POLES Data - POLES References - POLES
Corresponding documentation
AIM-Hub BLUES C3IAM DNE21+ GCAM GEM-E3 GRACE IFs IMACLIM IMAGE MESSAGE-GLOBIOM POLES PROMETHEUS REMIND-MAgPIE TIAM-UCL WITCH
Previous versions
Archive of POLES version ADVANCE
Model information
Model link	http://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/poles https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/poles-jrc-model-documentation-0
Institution	JRC - Joint Research Centre - European Commission (EC-JRC), Belgium, http://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/.
Solution concept	Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
Solution method	SimulationRecursive simulation
Anticipation	Myopic

The POLES model is used to simulate:

• GHG policies
  • Country/region objective: Implementation of carbon (or CO2eq) pricing (iterative calibration)
  • Cumulated GHG/CO2 buget: Regional differentiation of constraint and carbon pricing permitting to reduce emissions within budget (iterative calibration)
  • Carbon leakage (limited)
• Energy taxation policies
  • GHG-related pricing policies (carbon pricing)
  • other environmental taxes (e.g. introduction of environmental damage tax on non-conventional fuels production)
  • fossil fuel subsidies (possibility to phase out)
  • introduction of renewable fuels subsidy
• Support policies for specific technologies
  • Electricity generation feed-in tariffs
  • Low interest loans or subsidies to capital cost in purchase of energy consuming equipment
  • Acceleration of the penetration emerging vehicle technologies
  • Modal shifts in passenger transport
• Efficiency standards
  • fuel efficiency standards in vehicles
  • penetration of low-energy consuming buildings
• Openness to investment
  • Reactivity to prices on exploration and production in oil and gas producing regions
  • Discount rates in investment
  • National preference in the sourcing of fossil fuels or national resource management in domestic fossil fuels production