Emissions - IMAGE

Model Documentation - IMAGE
Model scope and methods - IMAGE Model concept, solver and details - IMAGE Temporal dimension - IMAGE Spatial dimension - IMAGE Policy - IMAGE Socio-economic drivers - IMAGE Population - IMAGE Economic activity - IMAGE Macro-economy - IMAGE Production system and representation of economic sectors - IMAGE Energy - IMAGE Energy resource endowments - IMAGE Fossil energy resources - IMAGE Energy conversion - IMAGE Electricity - IMAGE Heat - IMAGE Gaseous fuels - IMAGE Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - IMAGE Energy end-use - IMAGE Transport - IMAGE Residential and commercial sectors - IMAGE Industrial sector - IMAGE Other end-use - IMAGE Energy demand - IMAGE Technological change in energy - IMAGE Land-use - IMAGE Agriculture - IMAGE Forestry - IMAGE Bioenergy land-use - IMAGE Other land-use - IMAGE Emissions - IMAGE GHGs - IMAGE Climate - IMAGE Modelling of climate indicators - IMAGE Non-climate sustainability dimension - IMAGE References - IMAGE
Corresponding documentation
AIM-Hub BLUES C3IAM COFFEE-TEA DNE21+ GCAM GEM-E3 GRACE IFs IMACLIM IMAGE MESSAGE-GLOBIOM POLES PROMETHEUS REMIND-MAgPIE TIAM-UCL WITCH
Previous versions
Archive of IMAGE version 3.0
Model information
Model link	https://models.pbl.nl/image
Institution	PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL), Netherlands, https://www.pbl.nl/en.
Solution concept	Partial equilibrium (price elastic demand)
Solution method	Simulation
Anticipation	Simulation modelling framework, without foresight. However, a simplified version of the energy/climate part of the model (called FAIR) can be run prior to running the framework to obtain data for climate policy simulations.

Emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants are major contributors to environmental impacts, such as climate change, acidification, eutrophication, urban air pollution and water pollution. These emissions stem from anthropogenic and natural sources. Anthropogenic sources include energy production and consumption, industrial processes, agriculture and land-use change, while natural sources include wetlands, oceans and unmanaged land. Better understanding the drivers of these emissions and the impact of abatement measures is needed in developing policy interventions to reduce long-term environmental impacts.