Technological change - C3IAM

Model Documentation - C3IAM
Model scope and methods - C3IAM Model concept, solver and details - C3IAM Temporal dimension - C3IAM Spatial dimension - C3IAM Policy - C3IAM Socio-economic drivers - C3IAM Population - C3IAM Economic activity - C3IAM Macro-economy - C3IAM Production system and representation of economic sectors - C3IAM Capital and labour markets - C3IAM Monetary instruments - C3IAM Trade - C3IAM Technological change - C3IAM Energy - C3IAM Energy resource endowments - C3IAM Fossil energy resources - C3IAM Uranium and other fissile resources - C3IAM Bioenergy - C3IAM Non-biomass renewables - C3IAM Energy conversion - C3IAM Electricity - C3IAM Heat - C3IAM Gaseous fuels - C3IAM Liquid fuels - C3IAM Solid fuels - C3IAM Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - C3IAM Energy end-use - C3IAM Transport - C3IAM Residential and commercial sectors - C3IAM Industrial sector - C3IAM Other end-use - C3IAM Energy demand - C3IAM Technological change in energy - C3IAM Land-use - C3IAM Agriculture - C3IAM Forestry - C3IAM Land-use change - C3IAM Bioenergy land-use - C3IAM Other land-use - C3IAM Agricultural demand - C3IAM Technological change in land-use - C3IAM Emissions - C3IAM GHGs - C3IAM Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents - C3IAM Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options - C3IAM Climate - C3IAM Modelling of climate indicators - C3IAM Climate damages, temperature changes - C3IAM Non-climate sustainability dimension - C3IAM Air pollution and health - C3IAM Water - C3IAM Other materials - C3IAM Other sustainability dimensions - C3IAM Appendices - C3IAM Mathematical model description - C3IAM Data - C3IAM References - C3IAM
Corresponding documentation
AIM-Hub BLUES C3IAM COFFEE-TEA DNE21+ GEM-E3 GRACE IMACLIM PROMETHEUS WITCH
Previous versions
Archive of C3IAM version 2.0
Model information
Model link	http://inems1.bit.edu.cn/C3IAM https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/nathaz/v92y2018i2d10.1007 s11069-018-3297-9.html https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15453-z
Institution	Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology (CEEP-BIT), China, http://ceep.bit.edu.cn/english/.
Solution concept	General equilibrium (closed economy)
Solution method	Optimization
Anticipation

Technological change is an important source of economic growth. In C³IAM, in addition to the exogenous augmentation of the supplies of labor and natural resources, energy consumption per unit of output decreases externally over time (the so-called autonomous energy efficiency improvement index, AEEI), which is a heuristic representation of non-price-driven changes in energy use over time.

Technological change in electricity sector also has been specified with two advanced generation technologies: natural gas combined cycle technology with carbon capture and sequestration (NGCC-CCS) and integrated coal gasification technology with carbon capture and sequestration (IGCC-CCS). If these technologies are economically competitive with existing technologies, they will endogenously enter.

Technological change in agricultural sector plays an important role for meeting future demands of various agricultural products. The endogenous implementation of agricultural technological change is based on production costs and the impact of R&D investment on yield improvement which evolves with agricultural land use intensity. Land use intensity descripts the degree of yield amplification caused by human activities and the value in base year is estimated by empirical regress analysis. Investing technological changes not only enhance crop yield but only increase land use intensity, which raise costs for further yield increases in turn.