GHGs - REMIND-MAgPIE

Model Documentation - REMIND-MAgPIE
Model scope and methods - REMIND-MAgPIE XML-test Model concept, solver and details Model concept, solver and details - REMIND-MAgPIE Temporal dimension - REMIND-MAgPIE Spatial dimension - REMIND-MAgPIE Policy - REMIND-MAgPIE Socio-economic drivers - REMIND-MAgPIE Population - REMIND-MAgPIE Economic activity - REMIND-MAgPIE Macro-economy - REMIND-MAgPIE Production system and representation of economic sectors - REMIND-MAgPIE Trade - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy resource endowments - REMIND-MAgPIE Fossil energy resources - REMIND-MAgPIE Uranium and other fissile resources - REMIND-MAgPIE Bioenergy - REMIND-MAgPIE Non-biomass renewables - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy conversion - REMIND-MAgPIE Electricity - REMIND-MAgPIE Heat - REMIND-MAgPIE Grid, pipelines and other infrastructure - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy end-use - REMIND-MAgPIE Transport - REMIND-MAgPIE Residential and commercial sectors - REMIND-MAgPIE Industrial sector - REMIND-MAgPIE Energy demand - REMIND-MAgPIE Technological change in energy - REMIND-MAgPIE Land-use - REMIND-MAgPIE Agriculture - REMIND-MAgPIE Forestry - REMIND-MAgPIE Emissions - REMIND-MAgPIE GHGs - REMIND-MAgPIE Pollutants and non-GHG forcing agents - REMIND-MAgPIE Climate - REMIND-MAgPIE Non-climate sustainability dimension - REMIND-MAgPIE Appendices - REMIND-MAgPIE Mathematical model description - REMIND-MAgPIE References - REMIND-MAgPIE
Corresponding documentation
AIM-Hub BLUES C3IAM COFFEE-TEA DNE21+ GCAM GEM-E3 GRACE IFs IMACLIM IMAGE MESSAGE-GLOBIOM PROMETHEUS REMIND-MAgPIE TIAM-UCL WITCH
Previous versions
Archive of REMIND-MAgPIE version 1.7
Model information
Model link	https://www.pik-potsdam.de/research/sustainable-solutions/models/remind https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/remind/2.1.3 https://github.com/remindmodel/remind/releases/tag/v2.1.3 https://github.com/magpiemodel/magpie/releases/tag/v4.2.1 https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/magpie/4.2.1/
Institution	Potsdam Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK), Germany, https://www.pik-potsdam.de.
Solution concept	General equilibrium (closed economy)MAgPIE: partial equilibrium model of the agricultural sector;
Solution method	OptimizationMAgPIE: cost minimization;
Anticipation

REMIND simulates emissions from long-lived GHGs (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O), short-lived GHGs (CO, NO_x, VOC) and aerosols (SO₂, BC, OC). REMIND accounts for these emissions with different levels of detail depending on the types and sources of emissions (see Table 9). It calculates CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion, CH4 emissions from fossil fuel extraction and residential energy use and N₂O emissions from energy supply based on sources. The energy system provides information on the regional consumption of fossil fuels and biomass for each time step and technology. For each fuel, region and technology, REMIND applies an emission factor to the specific gas in order to calculate the emissions.

CH₄, N₂O, and CO₂ from land-use change have mitigation options that are independent of energy consumption. However, costs are associated with these emissions. Therefore, REMIND derives the mitigation options from marginal abatement cost (MAC) curves, which describe the percentage of abated emissions as a function of the costs. It is possible to obtain baseline emissions - to which the MAC curves are applied - by three different methods: by source (as described above), by an econometric estimate, or exogenously. REMIND uses the econometric estimate for CO₂ emissions from cement production as well as CH₄ and N₂O emissions from waste handling. In both cases, the driver of emissions depends on the development of the GDP (as a proxy for waste production) or capital investment (as a proxy for cement production in infrastructure). REMIND uses exogenous baselines for N₂O emissions from transport and industry.

Emissions of other GHGs (e.g. F-gases, Montreal gases) are exogenous and are taken from the RCP scenarios (Vuuren et al. 2011). There are no abatement options; therefore, emissions from the RCP scenario best matching the target of the specific model are used.

Table 9. Overview of the treatment of GHG and air pollutant emissions